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Glossary of web technology terms

 
A comprehensive, but not exhaustive list of frequently used web development acronyms and terms are detailed below. If you have reached this page from an acronym link on another part of our website please use your browser's back button to return.
.NET Framework
Microsoft environment for building, deploying and running XML Web services and other applications.
Access
Microsoft Office's database program.
ActiveX
Microsoft's technology for the delivery of multimedia, especially over the web.
ADO
ActiveX Data Objects, enables web applications to access databases.
ADO.NET
Microsoft's latest ADO technologies.
Apache
An open source web server, primarily used on Linux and Unix servers.
ASP
Active Server Pages, a Microsoft Web Server scripting environment.
ASP.NET
Microsoft's latest version of ASP, part of the .Net framework.
BizTalk
A scheme for using XML for Business to Business transactions, spearheaded by Microsoft.
C#
A modern, object-oriented language that enables programmers to quickly build a wide range of applications for the new Microsoft .NET platform.
CGI
Common Gateway Interface.
COM
Component Object Model, Microsoft's framework for object-oriented programming, and the basis for ActiveX.
Commerce Server
The server that manages and maintains all transactional and backend data for a commerce website.
CSS
Cascading Style Sheets, a technology that uses embedded information to define font, colour and phrase elements on a HTML page.
DHTML
Dynamic HTML, a combination of HTML, scripts and DOM providing interactive content.
DOM
Document Object Model, the W3C specification for how the HTML, JavaScript, and CSS will interact to form DHTML. It defines the methods and objects available for Web Developers to use.
e-GIF
e-Government Interoperability Framework.
Flash
A Macromedia software product that allows the delivery of highly compressed interactive animations and audio on web pages.
FTP
File Transfer Protocol, an internet protocol used to transfer files between computers.
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language, the language used to create documents on the World Wide Web.
HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol, the protocol used for transporting HTML documents over the Internet.
IIS
Internet Information Server, Microsoft's web server.
Java
A computer programming language invented by Sun Microsystems.
Javascript
Scripting language developed by Netscape that allows interaction within HTML pages.
Linux
An open source version of UNIX that has gained popularity because of its stability as an operating system for hosting web services.
MTS
Microsoft Transaction Server.
MySQL
The World's Most Popular Open Source Database.
ODBC
Open Database Connectivity, a Microsoft standard for accessing different database systems from Windows, i.e. Oracle or SQL Server .
Oracle
Oracle is a relational database management system (RDBMS).
Perl
Practical Extraction and Report Language: the programming language most frequently used for writing CGI scripts.
PHP
Hypertext Preprocessor, a widely-used general purpose open source scripting language, often used in conjunction with MySQL.
RDBMS
Relational database management system.
SMS
Short Message Service, text service for mobile phones.
SOAP
Simple Object Access Protocol, the standard for web services messages.
SQL
Structured Query Language, A standard programming language for communicating with a database.
SQL Server
Microsoft's enterprise level relational database product.
SVG
Scalable Vector Graphics, a vector graphics language written in XML.
T-SQL
Transact SQL, a sophisticated dialect of SQL used by Microsoft in SQL Server.
Unix
A multi-user, multi-tasking operating system.
VB Script
Visual Basic script, Microsoft's Scripting Language.
Visual Basic
A graphical programming language and development environment created by Microsoft in 1990.
W3C
World Wide Web Consortium, an academic and industrial consortium devoted to the development of Web standards and technologies.
WAI
Web Accessibility Initiative
Windows
A family of operating systems created by Microsoft, that run on Intel based IBM compatible machines.
XHTML
eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language, a reformulation of HTML designed make documents comply to XML rules for well-formedness.
XML
eXtensible Markup Language.
XSL
eXtensible Stylesheet Language, for transforming XML documents into other document formats like HTML.

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Access
The ability to use certain computers on the Internet. Access can be prevented through passwords, user ID's and other means.

Address
The Uniform Resource Locator of a file contained on a network. This can be the home page of a website or any of its files.

Application
Any software on your computer that allows you to perform specific functions.

Authentication
A way to determine proper user identity prior to accessing a network.

Backbone
The main high speed data lines of the Internet to which computers connect and transfer data.

Bandwidth
The amount of information your connection to the Internet can carry. On average typical phone lines can carry 1 kilobyte of information per second. For example a one page letter is about 15K and would take roughly 15 seconds to transfer from one computer to another over regular phone lines using a 14.4kbps modem.

Browser
Software application that enables you to view, manage, and access websites and files on the Internet, local networks and on your computer.

Database
A compilation of information which can be grouped in a variety of ways. For example, you can use a database to provide your pictures of products, prices, sizes, colors, etc. Web users can then access that information based on the criteria they believe to be most important.

Download
Transferring a file to your computer by either clicking on a hyperlink, or using FTP software.

Dedicated line
A permanent connection to the Internet using a separate phone line.

Domain Name System
Its the database that translates text addresses into a numeric Internet address.

Electronic Mail (E-mail)
A means to send messages to individuals or groups on the Internet. It is estimated there will be more than 550 million E-mail users by the year 2000.

Feedback Forms
Part of a website that ask users to input information. These forms are used to collect interests, demographic data, order products and other information sharing functions.

File Transfer Protocol
Any application that allows you to move files between computers. These are the rules that the computer will follow to complete the transfer.

Host
The computer location where your website resides.

Internet
A global connection of computers which provide E-mail, FTP, and the World Wide Web.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)
This is a company that allows you access to the Internet. Most do this for a monthly fee based on the number of hours used. These companies can be located in your home town or across the country.

Navigate
Following links on websites to select new information.

Network
A system of computers that are linked together.

Search engine
A means to instruct a program to seek and return specific information.

Server
The computer that contains information being requested by the client.

Webmaster
The person who maintains the web server and its contents

World Wide Web (WWW)
The part of the Internet which provides easy file viewing, multimedia capabilities, and hyperlinked documents.